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Eastern Ground Sugarbushes - Proteas

Leafy Sugarbush - Protea foliosa

Habit: A rounded shrub up to 1.5m tall Fire survival: Resprouts from underground bole Sexual system: Both sexes in each flower Flowers: March - September, mainly May and June Pollinator: Rodents Fruit: Seeds released after 2 years Seed dispersal: Wind Seed storage: In seedheads on plant Rarity status: Not threatened, scattered plants to locally abundant  on moist sites Habitat: Sandstone and quartzite soils, 150-600m Distribution: Elandsberg to Port Elizabeth, Riebeek East to Bushman's River Poort

Tufted Sugarbush - Protea intonsa

Habit: A dense dwarf shrub up to 0.3m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Both sexes in each flower Flowers: September - November Pollinator: Rodents Fruit: Seeds released after 2 years Seed dispersal: Wind Seed storage: In seedheads on plant Rarity status: Not threatened, scattered plants in isolated populations Habitat: Dry, exposed mountain slopes, 1000-1600m Distribution: Eastern Swartberg, Kammanassie and Baviaanskloof Mountains

Swartberg Sugarbush - Protea montana

Habit: A low shrub forming mats up to 4m across Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Both sexes in each flower Flowers: February - June Pollinator: Rodent Fruit: Seeds released after 2 years Seed dispersal: Wind Seed storage: In seedheads on plant Rarity status: Rare, solitary plants are encoutered sporadically Habitat: Steep upper slopes, 1600-2000m Distribution: Swartberg and Kammanasie Mountains

Tenacious Sugarbush - Protea tenax

Habit: A low trailing shrub up to 4m across Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Both sexes in each flower Flowers: All year round, mainly May - September Pollinator: Rodent Fruit: Seeds released after 2 years Seed dispersal: Wind Seed storage: In seedheads on plant Rarity status: Rare, isolated populations with scattered plants Habitat: Varied, 1250-1750m Distribution: Outeniqua, Tsitsikamma, Kouga, Baviaanskloof and Winterhoek Mountains

Kouga Sugarbush - Protea vogtsiae

Habit: A dwarf shrublet 0.5m across to 0.25m tall Fire survival: Killed, only seeds survive Sexual system: Both sexes in each flower Flowers: August - November Pollinator: Rodent Fruit: Seeds released after 2 years Seed dispersal: Wind Seed storage: In seedheads on plant Rarity status: Rare, small isolated populations Habitat: Steep, rocky southern slopes, sandstone soils, 1000-1500m Distribution: Outeniqua, Kouga and Baviaanskloof Mountains

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